Frequently Asked Questions
What is EMDR therapy? EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a psychotherapy approach that helps people process and recover from traumatic experiences. It uses bilateral stimulation—typically side-to-side eye movements—while focusing on disturbing memories, helping the brain process them and reduce their emotional impact.
How does bilateral stimulation work? Bilateral stimulation involves alternating stimulation of both sides of the body, usually through guided eye movements, taps, or audio tones. Research suggests this taxes working memory, making traumatic memories less vivid and emotionally intense. It may also activate the brain’s natural information processing system, similar to what happens during REM sleep.
Is EMDR scientifically proven? Yes. EMDR is supported by over 30 randomized controlled trials and is recognized by the World Health Organization, American Psychological Association, and Department of Veterans Affairs as an effective treatment for PTSD. Multiple meta-analyses confirm its effectiveness.
Is EMDR the same as hypnosis? No. During EMDR, you remain fully conscious and aware. You’re in complete control and can stop at any time. There’s no trance state or altered consciousness involved. The confusion may stem from the focused attention required, but attention and hypnosis are entirely different.
What conditions can EMDR help with? While EMDR was developed for PTSD and trauma, research supports its use for anxiety disorders, panic attacks, phobias, depression (especially trauma-related), grief, performance anxiety, and other conditions. The common thread is that EMDR helps process disturbing experiences and their effects.
How long does EMDR treatment take? Treatment length varies. Single-incident adult trauma may resolve in 3-6 sessions. Multiple traumas or complex PTSD typically require longer treatment—potentially several months. Your therapist will assess your situation and provide an estimate.
Do I have to talk about my trauma in detail? No. Unlike some therapies, EMDR doesn’t require detailed verbal descriptions of traumatic events. You focus briefly on the memory during processing, but you don’t need to narrate what happened. This makes EMDR more accessible for people who find it difficult to talk about their experiences.
Can I do EMDR on my own? Bilateral stimulation exercises can be used safely at home for general stress relief and relaxation. However, processing traumatic memories should only be done with a trained EMDR therapist. Self-practice is appropriate for mild stress, not trauma work.
Is the EMDR4LIFE app a replacement for therapy? No. EMDR4LIFE provides bilateral stimulation for stress relief and relaxation—it’s not a substitute for professional therapy. If you’re dealing with trauma, PTSD, or significant mental health concerns, please work with a qualified EMDR therapist.
What are the side effects of EMDR? EMDR side effects are typically mild and temporary. Common experiences include fatigue after sessions, vivid dreams, temporary emotional sensitivity, and continued processing between sessions. Serious side effects are rare when EMDR is properly administered by a trained professional.
How do I find an EMDR therapist? You can search the EMDRIA (EMDR International Association) directory at emdria.org/find-an-emdr-therapist. Look for therapists with EMDRIA-approved training, and consider whether they have experience with your specific concerns.
Does EMDR work for everyone? While EMDR has strong research support, no treatment works for everyone. Factors affecting outcomes include the nature and complexity of the trauma, individual differences, therapist skill, and treatment readiness. Most people who complete EMDR treatment experience significant improvement.
Is EMDR safe? Yes, EMDR is generally considered safe when administered by trained professionals. The eight-phase protocol includes built-in safety measures and preparation. Research shows EMDR has a safety profile comparable to other trauma therapies.
What happens in an EMDR session? After initial assessment and preparation, processing sessions involve focusing on a disturbing memory while following bilateral stimulation (usually eye movements). You briefly describe what you notice, then continue processing. Sessions typically last 60-90 minutes. The therapist guides you through the process and ensures you leave feeling stable.
How is EMDR different from CBT? While both are evidence-based treatments, they work differently. CBT focuses on consciously changing thought patterns through analysis and practice. EMDR works more directly with memory processing through bilateral stimulation. EMDR requires less verbal detail and no homework, while CBT involves more discussion and between-session practice.